See, according to a deep industry insider⦠[TheEmpireTrading]( [Divider] Biography Swami Vivekananda vivekananda Swami Vivekananda was a Hindu monk and direct disciple of Sri Ramakrishna. Vivekananda played a key role in the introduction of Indian yoga and Vedanta philosophy in the West. He made a strong impression at the inaugural World Parliament of Religions in Chicago, 1893 â giving a powerful speech on the underlying unity of world religions. He taught a philosophy of traditional meditation and also selfless service (karma yoga). He advocated emancipation for Indian women and an end to the worst excess of the caste system. He is considered an important figurehead of Indiaâs growing self-confidence and later nationalist leaders often said they were inspired by his teachings and personality. âTo succeed, you must have tremendous perseverance, tremendous will. âI will drink the oceanâ, says the persevering soul; âat my will mountains will crumble upâ. Have that sort of energy, that sort of will; work hard, and you will reach the goal.â â Swami Vivekananda Early life Swami Vivekananda was born Narendra Nath Datta on 12th January 1863 in Calcutta, Bengal, India. As a child, the young Narendra had boundless energy, and he was fascinated with many aspects of life â especially wandering ascetics. He received a Western education at the Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagarâs Metropolitan Institution. He became well versed in Western and Eastern philosophy. His teachers remarked he had a prodigious memory and tremendous intellectual capacity. Shaped by his fatherâs rationality, Narendra joined the Brahmo Samaj â a modern Hindu organisation, led by Keshab Chandra Sen, which rejected idol worship. In 1881, Narendra went to Dakshineswar with a friend to meet Sri Ramakrishna â who was widely considered a great saint and spiritual Master. Narendra felt attracted to the magnetic personality of Sri Ramakrishna and became a regular visitor. At first, his mind could not accept the ways and teachings of Sri Ramakrishna. Ramakrishna followed a simple âbhaktiâ (devotional) path and he was particularly devoted to Mother Kali (the Divine Mother). But, over time, Narendraâs spiritual experiences in the presence of Ramakrishna caused him to wholeheartedly accept Ramakrishna as his Guru, and he gave up the Brahmo Samaj. In 1884, Narendraâs father died, leaving the family bankrupt. Narendra became responsible for trying to feed his family, with limited means. He later said he would often go hungry as he could not afford enough food. To the annoyance of his mother, Narendra was often too absorbed in his spiritual disciplines to make earning money a priority. In 1886, Sri Ramakrishna passed away â just five years after meeting Narendra. Ramakrishna had chosen Narendra to be the leader of the monastic disciples. Vivekananda decided to found a math (monastery) in Belur Math Swami Vivekananda then threw himself into intense spiritual practices. He would spend many hours in meditation and japa. In 1888, he left the monastery to become a wandering sannyasin, visiting various holy places around India. Vivekananda lived from day to day, begging for food, being immersed in his own spiritual quest. In his Completed Works, he writes of his experience âMany times I have been in the jaws of death, starving, footsore, and weary; for days and days I had no food, and often could walk no further; I would sink down under a tree, and life would seem to be ebbing away. I could not speak, I could scarcely think, but at last the mind reverted to the idea: âI have no fear nor death; never was I born, never did I die; I never hunger or thirst. I am It! I am It! He began accepting disciples, and in 1893, accepted an invitation to speak at the World Parliament of Religions in Chicago. He set sail from Bombay in May, sailing first to Japan and then on to the United States. He set sail with little money and few contacts. But, helped by Professor John Wright of Harvard University and others, Vivekananda arrived in Chicago as a representative of the Hindu religion. World Parliament of Religions vivekananda-parliament On September 11th, 1893, Vivekananda gave a short speech on the opening day of the conference. After getting up on the stage, Vivekananda bowed to Saraswati (the goddess of learning), then Vivekananda began with the greeting âSisters and Brothers of America!â â Something in Vivekanandaâs address and persona, caused the crowd of seven thousand to stand in ovation for two minutes before he continued his speech. Dear reader, Whyâs my head inside a television from 1982? To prove a point to investors⦠An infinitely important point! âIt fills my heart with joy unspeakable to rise in response to the warm and cordial welcome which you have given us. I thank you in name of the most ancient order of monks in the world; I thank you in the name of the mother of religions; and I thank you in the name of millions and millions of Hindu people of all classes and sects.â (see: speech at World Parliament of Religions) A dominant theme of Vivekanandaâs speeches was the universality and harmony of the world religions. The press covering the event frequently stated that Vivekananda was the star performer â captivating the audience with his personality and powerful speeches. Vivekananda spent two years giving speeches in American and accepting disciples to follow his Vedanta philosophy. In 1894, he founded the Vedanta Society of New York. In 1895, he travelled to England, where he met Professor Max Muller of Oxford University, and also Margaret Noble (later Sister Nivedita) who would become one of Vivekanandaâs closest disciples. India From the US, Vivekananda began an increasing correspondence with his brother disciples of Sri Ramakrishna. He exhorted his fellow sannyasins to throw themselves into social service, helping the poorest to gain an education. This dynamism was a new strand to Indian spirituality â and a break from the older tradition of retreating from the world. Vivekananda wanted his mission to help the world both materially and spiritually. In 1897, he returned to India to a rapturous welcome. News of his success in the West was greeted with joy and pride in India. Vivekananda was now a well-known figure. Vivekananda spoke passionately about Indiaâs immense spiritual heritage, and also, at the same time, criticised the degeneration of Indiaâs status, due to the caste system, lack of education, subjugation of women and old failed traditions. Vivekananda was a clarion call for India to make progress. âCome, be men! Kick out the priests who are always against progress, because they would never mend, their hearts would never become big. They are the offspring of centuries of superstition and tyranny. Root out priest-craft first. Come, be men! Come out of your narrow holes and have a look abroad. See how nations are on the march! Do you love man? Do you love your country? Then come, let us struggle for higher and better things; look not back, no, not even if you see the dearest and nearest cry. Look not back, but forward!â â Volume 5, Epistles â First Series, âIII Alasingaâ (15 May 2010) Vivekananda created an emerging sense of national pride and national fervour; he was an influential figure in the Indian Renaissance of the late Nineteenth Century. Later Indian leaders, like Netaji, Gandhi, Pal and Tilak would all pay tribute to the inspiration of Vivekananda. In 1899, Vivekananda returned for another visit to America to continue spreading Vedanta societies. Vivekananda then returned to India and, after failing health, passed away on 4 July 1902. See, according to a deep industry insider⦠Appleâs revolutionary âiPhone Killerâ could arrive by the end of this year. When iPhone Killer hits stores, I believe smartphones will become laughably outdated⦠an absurdity of our past⦠[a downright irrelevant device](. Biography St Teresa Avila Saint Teresa of Ãvila (1515â1582) was a Spanish mystic, writer and reformer of the Carmelite order. She was an influential and pivotal figure of her generation. St Teresa (Teresa de Cepeda y Ahumada) was born in Avila, Spain on 28th March 1515. Her parents were both pious Catholics and in some ways inspired their daughter to take up a life of prayer. As a young child, Teresa showed signs of a deeply religious nature; she would often retreat into silence for prayer and would enjoy giving alms to the poor. She was very close to her mother, who provided a warm counterbalance to the strictness of her father. However, in her teens, Teresaâs mother passed away, leaving the young Teresa distraught at the void she felt. The young St Teresa tells of her despair and how she turned instinctively to the Virgin Mary for comfort. âI threw myself down in despair before an image of the Mother of God. With many tears, I implored the Holy Virgin to become my mother now. Uttered with the simplicity of a child, this prayer was heard. From that hour on, I never prayed to the Virgin in vain.â (1) During her later teen years Avila lost some of her early piety and religious zeal. She recounted how she became interested in worldly matters and enjoyed the company of a wide circle of friends. She had a natural charm and found it easy to make friends. In return, she enjoyed the compliments and friendships of others. However, she was not at peace, considering herself to be a miserable sinner; later she would look back in guilt at her early life. However this sense of being a âmiserable sinnerâ was probably the result of a harsh self-judgement, encouraged by her fatherâs exacting religious standards. At the age of 16, her father decided to send Teresa to a convent school to be educated. This reignited in Teresa an interest in following a spiritual life and after some deliberation resolved to become a nun of the Carmelite Order. At the time the convent rules were not very strict; it was probably more relaxed than living with her father. The convent accepted many people into the order, often for financial reasons. The convent became overcrowded, and people were often judged not by spiritual intensity but on material possessions. In this climate, Teresa struggled to find time for quiet reflection, although she did start teaching people on the virtues of mental prayer. Shortly after becoming a nun, Teresa experienced a severe illness (malaria), which left her in great pain for a long period. At one point it was feared that her illness was so severe that she would not be able to recover. However, during this period of intense physical pain, she began to increasingly experience divine visions and an inner sense of peace. These inner experiences of joy and peace seemed to transcend the intense physical pain of the body. She describes in her own words her state of mind during these trials and tribulations: âI bore these sufferings with great composure, in fact with joy, except at first when the pain was too severe. What followed seemed to hurt less. I was completely surrendered to the will of God even if he intended to burden me like this forever⦠The other sisters wondered at my God-given patience. Without Him I truly could not have borne so much with so much joy.â (2) When she was a little better, she resumed her prayers with renewed vigour. However, after telling others of her visions and spiritual experiences, she was dissuaded from pursuing them. Certain clergy felt they were delusions of the devil. As a result, for many years Teresa lost the confidence to practise her prayers, and her spiritual life was almost put on hold. However, when Teresa was 41, she met a priest who convinced her to go back to her prayers and implore God to come back. Initially, she had some difficulty sitting through prayers. She wryly remarked the end of the hourâs prayer couldnât come soon enough. However, in the course of time, she became absorbed in deep contemplation in which she felt an ever-growing sense of oneness with God. At times she felt overwhelmed with divine love. The experiences were so transforming, she at times felt the illumining grace of God would wash her soul away. She was so filled with divine contemplation it is said at times her body would spontaneously levitate. Teresa, however, was not keen on these public displays of âmiraclesâ. When she felt it happening she would ask other nuns to sit on her to prevent her floating away. Teresa was not a just a quiet, placid saint. She had an endearing, natural quality; her life energy attracted and inspired many who were close. They admired her for both her outer charm and inner serenity. But at the same time, her religious ecstasies also caused jealousy and suspicion. Unfortunately, she was born into the period of the Spanish Inquisition, during this time any deviation from the orthodox religious experience came under strict observation and scrutiny. On one occasion Teresa complained to God about her mistreatment from so many different people. God replied to her saying âThat is how I always treat my friends.â With good humour, St Teresa replied, âThat must be why You have so few friends!â St Teresa struggled because there were few who could understand or appreciate her inner ecstasies. However, on the one hand, she felt these experiences to be more real than ordinary events. At the age of 43, St Teresa decided she wanted to found a new order recommitting to the values of poverty and simplicity. She wanted to move away from her present convent which made a life of prayer more difficult. Initially, her aims were greeted with widespread opposition from within the town of Avila. However, with the support of some priests, the opposition waned, and she was allowed to set up her first convent. St Teresa proved to be an influential leader and founder. She guided the nuns not just through strict disciplines, but also through the power of love, and common sense. Her way was not the way of rigid asceticism and self-denial. Although she underwent many tribulations herself, to others, she stressed the importance of experiencing Godâs Love. As she herself says: [No cameras]( If youâre a profit-motivated person, ask yourself⦠Can I afford to miss the iPhone Killerâs launch? Point being, gains could be massive â enough to rival some of the marketâs biggest of late (244%... 434%... even 730%). The only catch? You must take action before Appleâs potentially [milestone announcement]( on April 26. âYou know, I no longer govern in the way I used to. Love does everything. I am not sure if that is because no one gives me cause to reprove her, or because I have discovered that things go better in that way.â [p.657] (3) âThe important thing is not to think much but to love much and so do that which best stirs you to love. Love is not great delight but desire to please God in everything.â (1) St Teresa devoted much of the rest of her life to travelling around Spain setting up new convents based on the ancient monastic traditions. Her travels and work were not always greeted with enthusiasm; many resented her reforms and the implied criticism of existing religious orders. She often met with criticism including the Papal Nuncio who used the rather descriptive phrase âa restless disobedient gadabout who has gone about teaching as though she were a professor.â St Teresa also had to frequently contend with difficult living conditions and her frail health. However, she never let these obstacles dissuade her from her lifeâs task. She eventually died on October 4 at the age of 67. A fellow sister describes the hours just before the death of St Teresa: âShe remained in this position in prayer full of deep peace and great repose. Occasionally she gave some outward sign of surprise or amazement. But everything proceeded in great repose. It seemed as if she were hearing a voice which she answered. Her facial expression was so wondrously changed that it looked like a celestial body to us. Thus immersed in prayer, happy and smiling, she went out of this world into eternal life.â (2) St Teresa of Avila was one of the great Christian mystics. Overcoming physical ailments, she became fully absorbed in her devotion to God. As contemporary spiritual master Sri Chinmoy says: âIn Spain, Teresa of Avila offered to the world something profoundly mystical. Her mystical experience is the most successful culmination of the divine marriage between the aspiring soul and the liberating Christ, and it is here that manâs helpless crying will and Godâs omnipotent all-fulfilling Will embrace each other.â (5) Works of Teresa of Avila In 1566 she wrote Camino de Perfeccion (Way of Perfection), to tell the nuns how to reach their goal. In 1580 she wrote what is considered her greatest work: the Castillo Interior/ Las Moradas (Interior Castle/ The Mansions). This involved describing the various stages of spiritual evolution leading to full prayer; she wrote Las Fundaciones (Foundations) from 1573 to 1582, so they would remember the early history of their order. Poetry of St Teresa Avila St Teresa wrote several volumes of poetry her most popular (4) [p.33] âGod alone is enough.â Let nothing upset you, let nothing startle you. All things pass; God does not change. Patience wins all it seeks. Whoever has God lacks nothing: God alone is enough. Citation: Pettinger, Tejvan. âBiography of St Teresa Avilaâ, Oxford, UK â www.biographyonline.net. 12th Jan. 2013. Updated 26 June 2017 Footnotes (1) St Teresa of Avila (2) Our Garden of Carmel â on St Teresa of Avila (3) The letters of Saint Teresa of Jesus; translated and edited by E. Allison Peers from the critical edition of P. Silverio de Santa Teresa. London, Burns, Oates & Washbourne [1950] (2 v.: xii, 1006 p.) (4) The complete poetry of St. Teresa of Avila: a bilingual edition / Eric W. Vogt; foreword by Jaime L. Sin. New Orleans: University Press of the South, 1996 St Teresa of Avila Autobiography As always, timing is of critical importance. [Click here before April 26 ](
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