Your Monday Briefing

View in [Browser]( | Add nytdirect@nytimes.com to your address book. [The New York Times]( [The New York Times]( Monday, October 2, 2017 [NYTimes.com »]( Europe Edition [Your Monday Briefing]( By PATRICK BOEHLER Good morning. Here’s what you need to know: Felipe Dana/Associated Press • Catalonia’s disputed referendum on independence from Spain [descended into violence](. Hundreds were injured as riot police officers sent from other parts of the country dispersed voters, at times using rubber bullets, and seized ballots. Our correspondent [spent the day with high school students in Barcelona]( who used diversions to sneak ballot boxes to safety. [This video shows]( some of the violent clashes. [Here are some of the best photos]( on a day in which even local [soccer games turned political](. In the end, both sides claimed victory: The Catalan government said that 90 percent of some 2.3 million voters were in favor of [secession](. The government in Madrid said that the referendum [had been disrupted](. Unions called a strike tomorrow. _____ Sebastien Nogier/European Pressphoto Agency • In southern France, two women [were killed yesterday]( in a knife attack at Marseille’s main train station. The assailant was then fatally shot by a military patrol. Prosecutors said they had opened a terrorism investigation. Another such attack occurred in Canada, where the police arrested a man suspected of [driving two vehicles into pedestrians and stabbing a police officer]( injuring five people. The police said that they found an Islamic State flag in one of the cars but that they believe the suspect was acting alone. _____ Ivor Prickett for The New York Times • In Iraq, thousands of civilians are fleeing the Iraqi military’s push to evict the Islamic State from the city of Hawija, its last major urban stronghold in the country. Some local officials fear that hundreds of the men who reached Kirkuk over the weekend were ISIS combatants, and they detained many. Our correspondent [witnessed an interrogation](. Separately, Iraqi Kurds appear to have [underestimated the depth of international opposition]( to their vote on independence from Baghdad. Iraqi Kurdistan’s troubled economy is dependent on hostile neighbors, who have steadily increased pressure on the region’s government. _____ Al Drago for The New York Times • In the United States, the Trump administration’s response to the devastation caused by Hurricane Maria in Puerto Rico [became a heated political issue]( as supplies of [food, water and cash]( dwindled and frustration grew among the island’s 3.4 million residents. A team of our journalists spent 24 hours with people trying to survive. [Here’s what they saw](. More supplies and federal government personnel [have begun to arrive]( but the situation remains far from normal. At his New Jersey golf club, President Trump [lashed out against criticism]( implying that residents were not doing enough to help themselves. He plans to travel to Puerto Rico tomorrow. _____ Felipe Trueba/European Pressphoto Agency • Across Germany, city halls opened on Sunday as a new law went into effect to [allow the country’s first marriages for same-sex couples](. In Berlin, the country’s first such married couple — Bodo Mende and Karl Kreile, above — exchanged a long kiss after they were pronounced husband and husband. “The transition to the term ‘marriage’ shows that the German state recognizes us as real equals,” Mr. Kreile said. Business Illustration by Andrew Roberts • Climate change is making airport planners think again, [adding major expenses to the global air travel industry](. • Across Europe, calls to [better protect on-demand workers]( are growing more vocal. • The backlash against the gig economy has in part been fueled by [practices at Uber](. Here’s the latest on the [power struggle in the ride-hailing company’s board room](. • Bitcoin has had a [tumultuous year in trading](. Our in-house expert [compiled this explainer on the virtual currency]( and [looked at why some prefer Ethereum]( a global computer network with its own virtual currency, called Ether. • Here’s a snapshot of [global markets](. In the News Pool photo by Lintao Zhang • “Save your energy Rex.” That was Mr. Trump telling Rex Tillerson, his secretary of state, on Twitter not to bother trying to de-escalate tensions with North Korea. Mr. Tillerson [said over the weekend that the U.S. had]( direct lines of communication with Pyongyang. [[The New York Times]( • Western officials said Russian (and Belarusian) military maneuvers last month, known as Zapad, far exceeded in scope and scale what Moscow had said it would conduct. [[The New York Times]( • In Britain, leaders of the Conservative Party have gathered for their annual conference. We look at how the party’s most unabashed elitist has developed a cult following. [[The New York Times]( • A suspect in the killing of four Americans, including a U.S. ambassador, in the Libyan port city of Benghazi in 2012 will stand trial in Washington today. [[The New York Times]( • Khalifa Hifter, the former Libyan Army officer who now controls most of the country’s east, has initiated a political campaign to propel him into government in Tripoli, the capital. [[Bloomberg]( Smarter Living Tips, both new and old, for a more fulfilling life. Craig Lee for The New York Times • Recipe of the day: [Hunan beef with cumin]( a fragrant stir-fry. • Here’s how couples can move to a new home [without driving each other crazy](. • When considering making donations, it’s helpful to [start by asking what motivates you](. Noteworthy Brooke Keast/Nevada Department of Corrections, via Associated Press • O.J. Simpson, the former football star and actor, above, [was paroled after serving nine years]( in prison on charges related to an armed robbery in 2007. • The Nobel Prizes will be [announced this week]( beginning today with the prize for physiology or medicine. • Experts at the Louvre are working to determine whether a sketch of a naked, mysteriously smiling lady who looks strikingly like the Mona Lisa [was drawn by Leonardo da Vinci](. • At Paris Fashion Week, the elusive stylist of Brigitte Macron, the first lady, [was nowhere to be found](. And, finally, happiness has become something of a wider theme at this year’s shows, [our critic notes](. Back Story Underwood and Underwood Today, India is celebrating Gandhi Jayanti, honoring the birthday of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi in 1869. For leading the nonviolent struggle to win India’s independence from the British Raj, he is considered the father of the nation. But first, he helped lead the fight against apartheid in South Africa. [Starting in the 1890s]( his focus was on improving the lot of Indians there, but by the time he left in 1914, he had [embraced the empowerment of blacks as well]( saying, “This land is theirs by birth.” Beloved around the world for standing up for the humble and eschewing violence in the pursuit of justice, he is often quoted. But he is also often misquoted. These are some of the statements commonly attributed to him, but for which there is [no authoritative corroboration]( “Be the change you wish to see in the world.” “An eye for an eye will make the whole world blind.” And: “[First they ignore you]( then they laugh at you, then they fight you, then you win.” That last has resurfaced recently, cited in tweets by [Mr. Trump]( and [a leader of the German far-right party]( Alternative for Germany. Andrea Kannapell contributed reporting. _____ Your Morning Briefing is published weekday mornings and updated online. This briefing was prepared for the European morning. [Browse past briefings here](. We also have briefings timed for the [Australian]( [Asian]( and [American]( mornings. You can sign up for these and other Times newsletters [here](. If photographs appear out of order, please download the updated New York Times app [from iTunes]( or [Google Play](. What would you like to see here? Contact us at [europebriefing@nytimes.com](mailto:europebriefing@nytimes.com?subject=Briefing%20Feedback%20(Europe)). ADVERTISEMENT FOLLOW NYT [Facebook] [FACEBOOK]( [Twitter] [@nytimes]( Prefer a different send time? Sign up for the [Americas]( or [A]( and Australia]( editions. | Get unlimited access to NYTimes.com and our NYTimes apps for just $0.99. [Subscribe »]( ABOUT THIS EMAIL You received this message because you signed up for NYTimes.com's Morning Briefing: Europe Edition newsletter. 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