PNAS Table of Contents for February 1, 2022; Vol. 119, No. 5 is now complete

[PNAS] [This week on the PNAS Science Sessions Podcast: Racial disparities in communication. Listen here.](/cgi/adclick/?ad=56380&adclick=true&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pnas.org%2Fpage%2Fmedia%2Fpodcasts%23racial-disparities)   [February 1, 2022; Vol. 119, No. 5]( ) This Week in PNAS [In This Issue]( This week's research highlights --------------------------------------------------------------- News Feature [News Feature: Researchers getting closer to a “universal” flu vaccine]( Carolyn Beans An in-depth look at trending science issues --------------------------------------------------------------- Retrospective [Edward Osborne Wilson, Naturalist (1929–2021)]( Bert Hölldobler --------------------------------------------------------------- Commentaries [The new W family reconstructs the evolution of MHC genes]( Jim Kaufman [Bottom-up versus top-down megafauna–vegetation interactions in ancient Beringia]( John W. Williams [Targeting fibrocytes in autoimmunity]( Richard J. Bucala [Gregarious locusts down-regulate muscular catabolic capacities yet fly far]( Jon F. Harrison --------------------------------------------------------------- Letters [Precautions for study design and data interpretation of clinical metabolomics]( Jinping Zheng, Kaiqiang Wang, Yuefei Wang, and Kefeng Li [Reply to Zheng et al.: Clinical metabolomics: Detailed analysis by nontargeted method is complementary to large-scale studies]( Hiroshi Kondoh, Takayuki Teruya, Yung-Ju Chen, Yasuhide Fukuji, and Mitsuhiro Yanagida [Quantifying net carbon fixation by Tibetan alpine ecosystems should consider multiple anthropogenic activities]( Lei Ma and Hong-Chao Zuo [Reply to Ma and Zuo: Ecological restoration on the Tibetan Plateau would benefit terrestrial CO2 uptake]( Da Wei, Hui Zhao, Xufeng Wang, Yongheng Gao, and Xiaodan Wang --------------------------------------------------------------- Brief Report [Measuring infectious SARS-CoV-2 in clinical samples reveals a higher viral titer:RNA ratio for Delta and Epsilon vs. Alpha variants]( Hannah W. Despres, Margaret G. Mills, David J. Shirley, Madaline M. Schmidt, Meei-Li Huang, Pavitra Roychoudhury, Keith R. Jerome, Alexander L. Greninger, and Emily A. Bruce --------------------------------------------------------------- Physical Sciences Applied Physical Sciences [Surface NMR using quantum sensors in diamond]( Kristina S. Liu, Alex Henning, Markus W. Heindl, Robin D. Allert, Johannes D. Bartl, Ian D. Sharp, Roberto Rizzato, and Dominik B. Bucher [Extensile to contractile transition in active microtubule–actin composites generates layered asters with programmable lifetimes]( John Berezney, Bruce L. Goode, Seth Fraden, and Zvonimir Dogic Biophysics and Computational Biology [LCDR regulates the integrity of lysosomal membrane by hnRNP K–stabilized LAPTM5 transcript and promotes cell survival]( Xiwang Yang, Ya Wen, Shaomin Liu, Liqiang Duan, Tongfeng Liu, Zhou Tong, Zhuo Wang, Yinmin Gu, Yibo Xi, Xiaodong Wang, Dingsan Luo, Ruobing Zhang, Yajuan Liu, Yang Wang, Tianyou Cheng, Siyuan Jiang, Xiaofeng Zhu, Xiaohui Yang, Yongbo Pan, Shuwen Cheng, Qinong Ye, Jinfei Chen, Xiaoding Xu, and Shan Gao [Structural and mechanistic basis of reiterative transcription initiation]( Yu Liu, Libing Yu, Chirangini Pukhrambam, Jared T. Winkelman, Emre Firlar, Jason T. Kaelber, Yu Zhang, Bryce E. Nickels, and Richard H. Ebright [A prototype protein nanocage minimized from carboxysomes with gated oxygen permeability]( Ruimin Gao, Huan Tan, Shanshan Li, Shaojie Ma, Yufu Tang, Kaiming Zhang, Zhiping Zhang, Quli Fan, Jun Yang, Xian-En Zhang, and Feng Li [Atomic force microscopy reveals distinct protofilament-scale structural dynamics in depolymerizing microtubule arrays]( Sithara S. Wijeratne, Michelle F. Marchan, Jason S. Tresback, and Radhika Subramanian [Immunomagnetic microscopy of tumor tissues using quantum sensors in diamond]( Sanyou Chen, Wanhe Li, Xiaohu Zheng, Pei Yu, Pengfei Wang, Ziting Sun, Yao Xu, Defeng Jiao, Xiangyu Ye, Mingcheng Cai, Mengze Shen, Mengqi Wang, Qi Zhang, Fei Kong, Ya Wang, Jie He, Haiming Wei, Fazhan Shi, and Jiangfeng Du Chemistry [Cross-α/β polymorphism of PSMα3 fibrils]( Olivia M. Cracchiolo, Dean N. Edun, Vincent M. Betti, Jacob M. Goldberg, and Arnaldo L. Serrano [Direct observation of reversible liquid–liquid transition in a trehalose aqueous solution]( Yoshiharu Suzuki Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences [Thermochronologic constraints on the origin of the Great Unconformity]( Kalin T. McDannell, C. Brenhin Keller, William R. Guenthner, Peter K. Zeitler, and David L. Shuster Engineering [Characterizing cell interactions at scale with made-to-order droplet ensembles (MODEs)]( Justin L. Madrigal, Nathan G. Schoepp, Linfeng Xu, Codian S. Powell, Cyrille L. Delley, Christian A. Siltanen, Jay Danao, Maithreyan Srinivasan, Russell H. Cole, and Adam R. Abate Physics [Anomalous magnetic noise in an imperfectly flat landscape in the topological magnet Dy2Ti2O7]( Anjana M. Samarakoon, S. A. Grigera, D. Alan Tennant, Alexander Kirste, Bastian Klemke, Peter Strehlow, Michael Meissner, Jonathan N. Hallén, Ludovic Jaubert, Claudio Castelnovo, and Roderich Moessner [Anomalous heating in a colloidal system]( Avinash Kumar, Raphaël Chétrite, and John Bechhoefer --------------------------------------------------------------- Social Sciences Economic Sciences [Encouraging the resumption of economic activity after COVID-19: Evidence from a large scale-field experiment in China]( Juan Palacios, Yichun Fan, Erez Yoeli, Jianghao Wang, Yuchen Chai, Weizeng Sun, David G. Rand, and Siqi Zheng Psychological and Cognitive Sciences [Illusory faces are more likely to be perceived as male than female]( Susan G. Wardle, Sanika Paranjape, Jessica Taubert, and Chris I. Baker [Intersecting kinematic encoding and readout of intention in autism]( Noemi Montobbio, Andrea Cavallo, Dalila Albergo, Caterina Ansuini, Francesca Battaglia, Jessica Podda, Lino Nobili, Stefano Panzeri, and Cristina Becchio [One model for the learning of language]( Yuan Yang and Steven T. Piantadosi [Rewarding cognitive effort increases the intrinsic value of mental labor]( Georgia Clay, Christopher Mlynski, Franziska M. Korb, Thomas Goschke, and Veronika Job [The impact of a poverty reduction intervention on infant brain activity]( Sonya V. Troller-Renfree, Molly A. Costanzo, Greg J. Duncan, Katherine Magnuson, Lisa A. Gennetian, Hirokazu Yoshikawa, Sarah Halpern-Meekin, Nathan A. Fox, and Kimberly G. Noble Sustainability Science [Carbon emissions reductions from Indonesia’s moratorium on forest concessions are cost-effective yet contribute little to Paris pledges]( Ben Groom, Charles Palmer, and Lorenzo Sileci --------------------------------------------------------------- Biological Sciences Anthropology [No sustained increase in zooarchaeological evidence for carnivory after the appearance of Homo erectus]( W. Andrew Barr, Briana Pobiner, John Rowan, Andrew Du, and J. Tyler Faith Applied Biological Sciences [Molecular electronics sensors on a scalable semiconductor chip: A platform for single-molecule measurement of binding kinetics and enzyme activity]( Carl W. Fuller, Pius S. Padayatti, Hadi Abderrahim, Lisa Adamiak, Nolan Alagar, Nagaraj Ananthapadmanabhan, Jihye Baek, Sarat Chinni, Chulmin Choi, Kevin J. Delaney, Rich Dubielzig, Julie Frkanec, Chris Garcia, Calvin Gardner, Daniel Gebhardt, Tim Geiser, Zachariah Gutierrez, Drew A. Hall, Andrew P. Hodges, Guangyuan Hou, Sonal Jain, Teresa Jones, Raymond Lobaton, Zsolt Majzik, Allen Marte, Prateek Mohan, Paul Mola II, Paul Mudondo, James Mullinix, Thuan Nguyen, Frederick Ollinger, Sarah Orr, Yuxuan Ouyang, Paul Pan, Namseok Park, David Porras, Keshav Prabhu, Cassandra Reese, Travers Ruel, Trevor Sauerbrey, Jaymie R. Sawyer, Prem Sinha, Jacky Tu, A. G. Venkatesh, Sushmitha VijayKumar, Le Zheng, Sungho Jin, James M. Tour, George M. Church, Paul W. Mola, and Barry Merriman Biochemistry [Structural and mechanistic basis of reiterative transcription initiation]( Yu Liu, Libing Yu, Chirangini Pukhrambam, Jared T. Winkelman, Emre Firlar, Jason T. Kaelber, Yu Zhang, Bryce E. Nickels, and Richard H. Ebright [A prototype protein nanocage minimized from carboxysomes with gated oxygen permeability]( Ruimin Gao, Huan Tan, Shanshan Li, Shaojie Ma, Yufu Tang, Kaiming Zhang, Zhiping Zhang, Quli Fan, Jun Yang, Xian-En Zhang, and Feng Li [Function-guided proximity mapping unveils electrophilic-metabolite sensing by proteins not present in their canonical locales]( Yi Zhao, Pierre A. Miranda Herrera, Dalu Chang, Romain Hamelin, Marcus J. C. Long, and Yimon Aye [The endoplasmic reticulum chaperone BiP is a closure-accelerating cochaperone of Grp94]( Bin Huang, Ming Sun, Reyal Hoxie, Judy L. M. Kotler, Larry J. Friedman, Jeff Gelles, and Timothy O. Street Biophysics and Computational Biology [Cross-α/β polymorphism of PSMα3 fibrils]( Olivia M. Cracchiolo, Dean N. Edun, Vincent M. Betti, Jacob M. Goldberg, and Arnaldo L. Serrano [LINEAGE: Label-free identification of endogenous informative single-cell mitochondrial RNA mutation for lineage analysis]( Li Lin, Yufeng Zhang, Weizhou Qian, Yao Liu, Yingkun Zhang, Fanghe Lin, Cenxi Liu, Guangxing Lu, Di Sun, Xiaoxu Guo, YanLing Song, Jia Song, Chaoyong Yang, and Jin Li [Mutant libraries reveal negative design shielding proteins from supramolecular self-assembly and relocalization in cells]( Hector Garcia Seisdedos, Tal Levin, Gal Shapira, Saskia Freud, and Emmanuel D. Levy [Soluble TREM2 inhibits secondary nucleation of Aβ fibrillization and enhances cellular uptake of fibrillar Aβ]( Ketaki D. Belsare, Haifan Wu, Dibyendu Mondal, Annalise Bond, Erika Castillo, Jia Jin, Hyunil Jo, Addison E. Roush, Kala Bharath Pilla, Andrej Sali, Carlo Condello, and William F. DeGrado Cell Biology [Atomic force microscopy reveals distinct protofilament-scale structural dynamics in depolymerizing microtubule arrays]( Sithara S. Wijeratne, Michelle F. Marchan, Jason S. Tresback, and Radhika Subramanian [LCDR regulates the integrity of lysosomal membrane by hnRNP K–stabilized LAPTM5 transcript and promotes cell survival]( Xiwang Yang, Ya Wen, Shaomin Liu, Liqiang Duan, Tongfeng Liu, Zhou Tong, Zhuo Wang, Yinmin Gu, Yibo Xi, Xiaodong Wang, Dingsan Luo, Ruobing Zhang, Yajuan Liu, Yang Wang, Tianyou Cheng, Siyuan Jiang, Xiaofeng Zhu, Xiaohui Yang, Yongbo Pan, Shuwen Cheng, Qinong Ye, Jinfei Chen, Xiaoding Xu, and Shan Gao [Classical RAS proteins are not essential for paradoxical ERK activation induced by RAF inhibitors]( Lick Pui Lai, Nicole Fer, William Burgan, Vanessa E. Wall, Bingfang Xu, Daniel Soppet, Dominic Esposito, Dwight V. Nissley, and Frank McCormick Developmental Biology [The embryonic node behaves as an instructive stem cell niche for axial elongation]( Tatiana Solovieva, Hui-Chun Lu, Adam Moverley, Nicolas Plachta, and Claudio D. Stern [Ecdysone exerts biphasic control of regenerative signaling, coordinating the completion of regeneration with developmental progression]( Faith Karanja, Subhshri Sahu, Sara Weintraub, Rajan Bhandari, Rebecca Jaszczak, Jason Sitt, and Adrian Halme Ecology [Extra-pair paternity explains cooperation in a bird species]( Indrikis A. Krams, Adèle Mennerat, Tatjana Krama, Ronalds Krams, Priit Jõers, Didzis Elferts, Severi Luoto, Markus J. Rantala, and Sigrunn Eliassen [Distinguishing the molecular diversity, nutrient content, and energetic potential of exometabolomes produced by macroalgae and reef-building corals  ]( Linda Wegley Kelly, Craig E. Nelson, Daniel Petras, Irina Koester, Zachary A. Quinlan, Milou G.I. Arts, Louis-Felix Nothias, Jacqueline Comstock, Brandie M. White, Ellen C. Hopmans, Fleur C. van Duyl, Craig A. Carlson, Lihini I. Aluwihare, Pieter C. Dorrestein, and Andreas F. Haas Environmental Sciences [EchidnaCSI: Engaging the public in research and conservation of the short-beaked echidna]( Tahlia Perry, Alan Stenhouse, Isabella Wilson, Imma Perfetto, Michael W. McKelvey, Michelle Coulson, Rachel A. Ankeny, Peggy D. Rismiller, and Frank Grützner [A widely distributed phosphate-insensitive phosphatase presents a route for rapid organophosphorus remineralization in the biosphere]( Ian D.E.A. Lidbury, David J. Scanlan, Andrew R. J. Murphy, Joseph A. Christie-Oleza, Maria M. Aguilo-Ferretjans, Andrew Hitchcock, and Tim J. Daniell Genetics [Identification of genetic risk loci and prioritization of genes and pathways for myasthenia gravis: a genome-wide association study]( Ruth Chia, Sara Saez-Atienzar, Natalie Murphy, Adriano Chiò, Cornelis Blauwendraat, International Myasthenia Gravis Genomics Consortium, Ricardo H. Roda, Pentti J. Tienari, Henry J. Kaminski, Roberta Ricciardi, Melania Guida, Anna De Rosa, Loredana Petrucci, Amelia Evoli, Carlo Provenzano, Daniel B. Drachman, and Bryan J. Traynor [Sirt6 regulates lifespan in Drosophila melanogaster]( Jackson R. Taylor, Jason G. Wood, Evan Mizerak, Samuel Hinthorn, Julianna Liu, Matthew Finn, Sarah Gordon, Louis Zingas, Chengyi Chang, Mark A. Klein, John M. Denu, Vera Gorbunova, Andrei Seluanov, Jef D. Boeke, John M. Sedivy, and Stephen L. Helfand Immunology and Inflammation [Characterizing cell interactions at scale with made-to-order droplet ensembles (MODEs)]( Justin L. Madrigal, Nathan G. Schoepp, Linfeng Xu, Codian S. Powell, Cyrille L. Delley, Christian A. Siltanen, Jay Danao, Maithreyan Srinivasan, Russell H. Cole, and Adam R. Abate Medical Sciences [Immunomagnetic microscopy of tumor tissues using quantum sensors in diamond]( Sanyou Chen, Wanhe Li, Xiaohu Zheng, Pei Yu, Pengfei Wang, Ziting Sun, Yao Xu, Defeng Jiao, Xiangyu Ye, Mingcheng Cai, Mengze Shen, Mengqi Wang, Qi Zhang, Fei Kong, Ya Wang, Jie He, Haiming Wei, Fazhan Shi, and Jiangfeng Du [Senescence induction dictates response to chemo- and immunotherapy in preclinical models of ovarian cancer]( Stella V. Paffenholz, Camilla Salvagno, Yu-Jui Ho, Matthew Limjoco, Timour Baslan, Sha Tian, Amanda Kulick, Elisa de Stanchina, John E. Wilkinson, Francisco M. Barriga, Dmitriy Zamarin, Juan R. Cubillos-Ruiz, Josef Leibold, and Scott W. Lowe [CD81 costimulation skews CAR transduction toward naive T cells]( Liora M. Schultz, Debra K. Czerwinski, Ronald Levy, and Shoshana Levy Microbiology [A case of convergent evolution: Several viral and bacterial pathogens hijack RSK kinases through a common linear motif]( Frédéric Sorgeloos, Michael Peeters, Yohei Hayashi, Fabian Borghese, Nicolas Capelli, Melissa Drappier, Teresa Cesaro, Didier Colau, Vincent Stroobant, Didier Vertommen, Grégory de Bodt, Stéphane Messe, Ignasi Forné, Felix Mueller-Planitz, Jean-François Collet, and Thomas Michiels [Cellular homologs of the double jelly-roll major capsid proteins clarify the origins of an ancient virus kingdom]( Mart Krupovic, Kira S. Makarova, and Eugene V. Koonin Neuroscience [Valence opponency in peripheral olfactory processing]( Shiuan-Tze Wu, Jen-Yung Chen, Vanessa Martin, Renny Ng, Ye Zhang, Dhruv Grover, Ralph J. Greenspan, Johnatan Aljadeff, and Chih-Ying Su [Deletion of SUMO1 attenuates behavioral and anatomical deficits by regulating autophagic activities in Huntington disease]( Uri Nimrod Ramírez-Jarquín, Manish Sharma, Wuyue Zhou, Neelam Shahani, and Srinivasa Subramaniam [In situ proximity labeling identifies Lewy pathology molecular interactions in the human brain]( Bryan A. Killinger, Lee L. Marshall, Diptaman Chatterjee, Yaping Chu, Jose Bras, Rita Guerreiro, and Jeffrey H. Kordower [Three small vesicular pools in sequence govern synaptic response dynamics during action potential trains]( Van Tran, Takafumi Miki, and Alain Marty [Novel stimuli evoke excess activity in the mouse primary visual cortex]( Jan Homann, Sue Ann Koay, Kevin S. Chen, David W. Tank, and Michael J. Berry II [GABA transmission from mAL interneurons regulates aggression in Drosophila males]( Saheli Sengupta, Yick-Bun Chan, Caroline B. Palavicino-Maggio, and Edward A. Kravitz Pharmacology [Multitarget nociceptor sensitization by a promiscuous peptide from the venom of the King Baboon spider]( Rocio K. Finol-Urdaneta, Rebekah Ziegman, Zoltan Dekan, Jeffrey R. McArthur, Stewart Heitmann, Karen Luna-Ramirez, Han-Shen Tae, Alexander Mueller, Hana Starobova, Yanni K.-Y. Chin, Joshua S. Wingerd, Eivind A. B. Undheim, Ben Cristofori-Armstrong, Adam P. Hill, Volker Herzig, Glenn F. King, Irina Vetter, Lachlan D. Rash, David J. Adams, and Paul F. Alewood [Rearrangement of a unique Kv1.3 selectivity filter conformation upon binding of a drug]( Anu Tyagi, Tofayel Ahmed, Shi Jian, Saumya Bajaj, Seow Theng Ong, Stephanie Shee Min Goay, Yue Zhao, Igor Vorobyov, Changlin Tian, K. George Chandy, and Shashi Bhushan Plant Biology [PIF7 controls leaf cell proliferation through an AN3 substitution repression mechanism]( Ejaz Hussain, Andrés Romanowski, and Karen J. Halliday [Convergent evolution of a blood-red nectar pigment in vertebrate-pollinated flowers]( Rahul Roy, Nickolas Moreno, Stephen A. Brockman, Adam Kostanecki, Amod Zambre, Catherine Holl, Erik M. Solhaug, Anzu Minami, Emilie C. Snell-Rood, Marshall Hampton, Mark A. Bee, Ylenia Chiari, Adrian D. Hegeman, and Clay J. Carter [A comparative genomics examination of desiccation tolerance and sensitivity in two sister grass species]( Ricardo A. Chávez Montes, Anna Haber, Jeremy Pardo, Robyn F. Powell, Upendra K. Divisetty, Anderson T. Silva, Tania Hernández-Hernández, Vanildo Silveira, Haibao Tang, Eric Lyons, Luis Rafael Herrera Estrella, Robert VanBuren, and Melvin J. Oliver Psychological and Cognitive Sciences [Illusory faces are more likely to be perceived as male than female]( Susan G. Wardle, Sanika Paranjape, Jessica Taubert, and Chris I. Baker [Intersecting kinematic encoding and readout of intention in autism]( Noemi Montobbio, Andrea Cavallo, Dalila Albergo, Caterina Ansuini, Francesca Battaglia, Jessica Podda, Lino Nobili, Stefano Panzeri, and Cristina Becchio Sustainability Science [Carbon emissions reductions from Indonesia’s moratorium on forest concessions are cost-effective yet contribute little to Paris pledges]( Ben Groom, Charles Palmer, and Lorenzo Sileci [EchidnaCSI: Engaging the public in research and conservation of the short-beaked echidna]( Tahlia Perry, Alan Stenhouse, Isabella Wilson, Imma Perfetto, Michael W. McKelvey, Michelle Coulson, Rachel A. Ankeny, Peggy D. Rismiller, and Frank Grützner --------------------------------------------------------------- SI Correction [Correction to Supporting Information for Zhang et al., Mutation in CSA creates a new photoperiod-sensitive genic male sterile line applicable for hybrid rice seed production]( [Cover] --------------------------------------------------------------- This message was sent to {EMAIL}. [Unsubscribe]( from or [edit]( your subscription for this service. Or by mail: Customer Service * 15575-A Los Gatos Blvd * Los Gatos, CA 95032 * U.S.A. Copyright © 2022 by the National Academy of Sciences